USB 3.0

USB 3.0

USB 3.0 is the third generation of USB (Universal Series Bus) technology that acts as a connector between a host computer and peripheral devices. The name SuperSpeed comes from the higher data transfer rate which greatly exceeds the previous standards of USB 1.1 and USB 2.0.
These external yet integral peripheral devices include but are not limited to: keyboards, monitors, printers, cameras, flash drives, gaming consoles and smartphones.
Like the earlier formats, it can link devices and computers without needing to first power down the computer. USB 3.0 is designed to not only streamline function of peripherals with PCs, but to do so with ten times the bandwidth. Developers at Intel announced the forthcoming release of USB 3.0 in 2007 with specifications and compatibility details underway in 2008 and 2009. The first devices equipped with USB 3.0 technology debuted in the commercial market in 2010.
SuperSpeed will likely not have complete mainstream operating system support until its developers at Intel release the motherboard chipset inherent to computer operation until 2012. It was originally slated for release more than a year earlier. However, it is speculated that competitors like AMD may attempt to integrate the USB 3.0 chipset into their technology a year ahead of Intel.
USB 3.0 SuperSpeed is designed to keep up with the pace of increased demands in consumer storage for more bandwidth for components including: high definition audio and video, increased megapixel data on cameras, smartphones with dozens of gigabytes of storage capacity and high-volume storage devices like Blu-ray drives. At USB 2.0’s optimum speed of 480 megabits per second, it may simply not meet the speed potential required by these devices.
In theory, the top speed throughput of USB 3.0 is 4.8 gigabits per second due to improved connectors and cables. Although it may not reach this transfer rate, just half of this transfer rate equates to the aforementioned bandwidth that is ten times faster than its predecessor. The USB 3.0 cable contains four extra wires compared to 2.0 to carry data information in a bidirectional manner. Considering it in terms of traffic, it simultaneously allows download and upload capabilities to travel through the cables without slowing due to data overload.
Power efficiency is another noted feature of USB 3.0. It can operate in three different modes to safeguard against excess energy use. Unlike USB 2.0—which had to continuously poll both active and idle devices for data information—the SuperSpeed interface signals the host computer or server for data transfer, therefore conserving power.
Users will be able to experience more power capabilities for configured devices as well as those not yet modified for setup. The Type B plug that enters into a device and the receptor carry an extra set of connectors to cut down on power demands for an item such as a wireless adapter. Consequently there is no reliance on a supplemental power source.
Backward compatibility is also possible with SuperSpeed. The actual connector maintains its dimension and form so that the additions of more internal wires to the design—which look like an extra metal fold—only need to be employed when linked to a 3.0 connection. As a result, USB 3.0 cables are incompatible with 2.0 devices, but USB 3.0 devices and cables are compatible with computers that have USB 2.0 ports.

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USB 2.0

USB 2.0 (Universal Series Bus 2.0 version) is the second generation interface of computer technology that consists of a group of input and output wires with a port connection that transfer data at a higher speed than its predecessor, USB 1.1.
USB 2.0 brings a high speed connection to electronic peripheral devices like external hard drives, printers, cameras, flash drives, keyboards, gaming consoles, MP3 players and smartphones to a computer.
As a result, the computer will operate the device or display its data contents. It is intended to streamline the use and compatibility of external devices with PCs. This USB version debuted in 2000 and was standardized in 2001. A computer’s USB 2.0 connection location is commonly identified by a stylized trident symbol at the front or back of the computer tower and is compatible with Windows, Mac and Linux systems.
Its bandwidth is calculated at a rate of up to 480 megabits per second, rendering its speed to be far superior to USB 1.1’s 12 megabits per second. However, USB 2.0 can accommodate a total of three speeds. Low speeds of 1.5 megabits per second accommodate keyboards and speakers whereas the highest speed transfers data for devices like printers and hard drives. To determine which USB connection a computer supports, search the control panel and subsequently the hardware settings and expand the Universal Series Bus column.
The USB 2.0 system has a host (computer or server) containing several ports that allow for computer peripherals. Next, endpoints—which are register mechanisms that act as descriptors to interpret data transfer information—connect the peripheral devices to the host via pipe channels. A pipe can operate in one or two directions as the actual connection between host and endpoints. USB 2.0 polls the device in order to send data.
A pipe channel will implement one of four types of data transfers: interrupt, isochronous, bulk and control. Interrupt transfers are used for devices like keyboards that need instant responses and isochronous ones will experience potential loss of information with the transfer of something such as audio or video and allow for guaranteed bandwidth. Bulk transfers are used to pass files with the bandwidth at hand. Control transfers are bidirectional pipe channels used for simple command and status operations initiated by the host. For USB 2.0, the controller of the host will continuously sample activity from the input and output wires, or bus. The peripheral device at the lowest speed will determine the bandwidth.
USB 2.0 has experienced some adjustments and minor updates to optimize function. Among these changes: more interfaces for some peripheral devices, new plugs to enhance connector longevity, the ability for a USB to function as a host for a secondary device and USB host chargers.

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IMPORTANT COLLECTIONS{utility}part1:::::::::::

 1.HOW TO CHECK ALL PASSWORD IN FIREFOX  

STEP 1 – Open firefox browser and click on FIREFOX botton on te top(yellow in colour)

STEP 2 – After that click on OPTION as shown in figure/or find it at 'Tools' toolbar.

STEP 3 – Now click on SAVED PASSWORDS / by going to sequrity option.

STEP 4 – Now click on SHOW PASSWORD, your all password will be shown..

2.Create an AutoRun File for a USB Flash Drive

about:-     

USB AutoRun is the term used when specific, predetermined digital content is automatically launched from your flash drive as soon as it is plugged into a memory port. The content can include items like a web page, interactive menu, multimedia presentation, a document, or an entire application. Creating an autorun USB drive allows for customization of content as well as the personalization of the title of your flash drive and its autoplay setup options.

Flash drive autorun has two primary purposes. First, it helps the user navigate the contents of the device with ease—a menu will quickly display all of the drive's files without any prompting on your part. Second, when the USB drive is distributed as a promotional gift, it provides a second layer of marketing on top of a branded exterior. The USB autorun can deliver web pages, commercials or special offers without the risk of users missing it or having to search for the flash drive's contents on your desktop or buried in My Computer settings.

NOTE: Keep in mind that Mac operating systems cannot use autorun, and it is believed they do so as a general security measure. Also Windows Vista and Windows 7 users are not initially set up for the command, but have the option to manually turn on autorun from the control panel.

If you are working with a large quantity of flash drives, a custom USB duplication service can quickly handle your autorun needs. However, creating an autorun flash drive from the comfort of your own PC or laptop is also possible.

First, you will need to open the text/HTML editor, Notepad, to make USB autolaunch work. The program is intended to provide a clean slate for the creation of code. You will also need your executable application or document you are wanting to open. Once in Notepad, type out the following text:



STEPS TO CREATE :

Then, save your Notepad file as autorun.inf under the flash drive's root directory. Make sure you don't have any spaces or illegal characters in the filenames so that they open properly.

If you feel like getting a little fancy, you can even add more like a company icon or use a long label to name the drive:

[autorun]
Icon=MyLogo.ico
Label=My long drive name here
;Open=PlayMe.exe
ShellExecute=PlayMe.exe
UseAutoPlay=1

 Here is how it would look copied onto your USB Drive. You may need to change the .ico file properties to Hidden to allow your autorun to work properly on most PC machines so Windows won't try to open them in a picture viewer.

PART 2.... comming soon

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Top 10 Computer Tricks Every Geek Should Know

We've talked before about the things every computer user should know how to do, but we geeks are special: we want to go above and beyond, to explore every nook and cranny of our system and make everything easier. Here are ten ways to do just that.

1. Program Your Own Dead Simple Scripts

You don't need to learn an entire programming language to write advanced scripts. Windows users can do a ton of awesome stuff with AutoHotkey, from creating simple keyboard shortcuts to controlling their PC remotely. To get started, just check our beginner's guide to AutoHotkey and our list of the best AutoHotkey tricks. Mac users don't have anything quite like AutoHotkey, but you can do quite a bit with the built-in, insanely easy-to-learn AppleScript. If you aren't the coding type, check out Automator on the Mac and its clone, Actions on Windows

2. Squeeze More Power Out of Your Hardware

With a bit of tweaking, you can push your hardware past its original limits and get some pretty serious bang for your buck. When it comes to your PC, you can overclock your processor and video card, and even install OS X on non-Macs by building a Hackintosh. And, while you're at it-even though it isn't a computer trick specifically-you should try turning your $60 router into a $600 router with DD-WRT.

3. Run a Basic Linux Distribution

Even if you don't want to switch operating systems, knowing a few Linux basics can be really handy. With a live CD on hand you can troubleshoot your machine, revive an old, slow PC, and make your way through Linux-based DIY projects. Check out our five-part guide to getting started with Linux, and be careful-it can be quite the rabbit hole once you get into it!

4. Navigate Everything With Your Keyboard

There are certain basic keyboard shortcuts everyone should know, but if you really want to use your computer more efficiently, you can take it so much further. Learn the most common shortcuts for your favorite programs, like Gmail, Microsoft Word, basic text boxes, and even Facebook. After a little while, you'll be able to blow through menus and text boxes with unbelievable speed. Check out our guide to becoming a keyboard ninja, complete with a bunch of cheat sheets to help get you off the ground.

5. Learn to Crack Passwords (and Protect Yourself)

Everyone should know how to create a secure password, but responsible geeks can take it a step further by learning how to break into a comptuer. This skill-whether used on a Windows machine or a Mac-can really help you understand how computer thieves and hackers will try to get at your data. Learning the process means you know how to protect yourself against the process-not just with strong passwords but with encryption and other settings tweaks that keep thieves out. Similarly, you may also want to learn how to crack a Wi-Fi network's WEP and WPA password.

6. Know Your OS's Hidden Features

Every operating system has hidden things lying under the hood, you just have to know where to look. Windows users should check out the hidden features of Windows 7 and Windows 8, while Mac users should peruse the hidden features of OS X Lion and Mountain Lion. If you want to find even more, you can often find them in Windows' Registry or in OS X's terminal. System tweakers like Ultimate Windows Tweaker, OnyX for Mac, and Ubuntu Tweak are also great places to find secret features.

7. Run Everything on a Schedule

Stop performing all that system maintenance yourself and set it all up to run on a schedule. With Windows' built-in Task Scheduler, you can run just about any kind of task-whether it's maintenance, picture uploads, or even a simple alarm-through Windows' built-in tools (in fact, it's one of the best Windows 7 features you've probably forgotten about). Mac users looking for something similar should check out Tasks Till Dawn.

8. Read and Understand Your Resource Usage

When your computer starts acting a little slow, a lot of people jump to their resource monitor to see what's causing problems. However, just looking at a bunch of charts and graphs isn't going to tell you what's wrong unless you really know what you're looking for. High CPU is a common problem with one app slowing your system down, and as soon as you close it, the issue should go away. High network activity could be the cause of slow internet or slow file transfers over the network. RAM usage, however, is where a lot of people get thrown off: high RAM usage isn't inherently a bad thing. Know the difference between good and bad RAM usage before you start blaming processes. If you want to keep an eye on your resources, check out our favorite system monitors for Windows, Mac, and Linux, too.

9. Use the Command Line Like a Ninja

Using the command line isn't as exciting as it looks in the movies, but it can be a very useful tool (in fact, some tools are just better in the command line). It's pretty easy to learn, too-check out our command line primer for beginners to learn some basic commands. Once you've got that down, read up on the best shortcuts that help you navigate the command line like a ninja. Those guides apply to UNIX-based systems like Linux and OS X, but if you're a Windows user you can grab something like Cygwin to get a similar experience (or, if you want a more Windows-centric tool, try Powershell).

10. Find New Uses for the Programs You Already Have

Chances are, you've probably already found a few awesome tools and added them to your productivity arsenal, but most programs can be used for more than just their inteded purpose. The file-syncing Dropbox, for example, is also great for monitoring your home computer, printing files from afar, and even downloading stuff with BitTorrent. Savvy folks can use Gmail to store files in the cloud or find out if someone's stolen your laptop. Any tool can become multipurpose if you know its ins and outs.

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